The Data
Vagus Nerve Stimulation during rehabilitation improves recovery of motor function in rats.
- Meyers, Nature Communications, 2019
- Pruitt, Translational Stroke Research, 2021
- Adcock, Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 2020
- Hays et al., Neurobiology of Aging, 2016
- Khodaparast, Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair, 2015
- Meyers, Stroke, 2018
- Ganzer, Elife, 2018
- Pruitt, Journal of Neurotrauma, 2016
- Hays, Stroke, 2014
- Hays, NeuroReport, 2014
- Ganzer, eLife, 2018
Vagus Nerve Stimulation during rehabilitation triples the number of neural connections.
- Meyers, Nature Communications, 2019
- Engineer, Frontiers in Neuroscience, 2019
- Meyers, Stroke, 2018
- Ganzer, eLife, 2018
Vagus Nerve Stimulation during stroke rehabilitation is safe and improves recovery.
- Dawson, Lancet, 2021
- Dawson, Stroke, 2016
- National Clinical Trial NCT01669161
- Kimberley, Stroke, 2018
- National Clinical Trial NCT02243020
Vagus Nerve Stimulation during tone presentation reduced tinnitus severity and pathological neural activity in rats and in people.
- Tyler, Scientific Reports, 2018
- Vanneste, Scientific Reports, 2017
- De Ridder, Neuromodulation, 2014
- De Ridder, Otol Neurotol, 2015
- Engineer, Nature, 2011
Vagus Nerve Stimulation during exposure therapy eliminated fear, hypervigilance, avoidance, and asocial behavior in a rat model of PTSD.
- Souza, Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, 2021
- Souza, Experimental Neurology, 2021
- Souza, Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, 2020
- Souza, Stress, 2019
- Noble, Translational Psychiatry, 2017
- Alvarez-Dieppa, Neural Plast, 2016
- Peña, Front Behav Neurosci, 2014
A next-generation nerve stimulator is now available for testing in patients.
The device on the left is:
- 50x smaller
- Battery-free
- Wireless
- MRI compatible
- Programmable
VNS increases the key molecules that promote synaptic plasticity, including:
- Norepinephrine, Roosevelt, 2006
- Acetylcholine, Nichols, 2011
- Serotonin, Manta, 2009
- Fos, Naritoku, 1995
- FGF, Follesa, 2007
- BDNF, Follesa, 2007
- TrkB phosphorylated, Furmaga, 2012
- Insulin receptor, Li, 2014
- miR-210, Jiang, 2015
- Neurogenesis, Revesz, 2008
- Arc Protein, Alvarez-Dieppa, 2016
- CaMKII, Alvarez-Dieppa, 2016
- Neurexin, Alexander, 2017
- Cadherin, Alexander, 2017
- VDCC, Alexander, 2017
- NMDA, Receptors:
- GluN1, Zhang, 2002
- GluN2B, Alvarez-Dieppa, 2016
- Alvarez-Dieppa, Neural Plast, 2016
- Insulin receptor, Li, 2014
- miR-210, Jiang, 2015
- VDCC, Alexander, 2017
- GluN1, Zhang, 2002
Metaanalysis confirms that VNS + rehab promotes motor recovery over rehab alone.
- Ischemic Stroke, Hays, NeuroReport, 2014
- Meyers, Nature Communications, 2019
- Chronic Ischemic Stroke, Khodaparast, NNR, 2016
- Unilateral Spinal Cord Injury, Ganzer, eLife, 2018
- Ischemic Stroke, Meyers, Stroke, 2018
- Stroke Patients, Dawson, Stroke, 2016
- Intracerebral Hemorrhage, Hays, Stroke, 2016
- Traumatic Brain Injury, Pruitt, J Neurotrama, 2016
- Ischemic Stroke, Khodaparast, NNR, 2014
- Ischemic Stroke in Aged Subjects, Hays, Neurobiol Aging, 2016
- Bilateral Spinal Cord Injury, Ganzer, eLife, 2018
- Ischemic Stroke, Khodaparast, Neurobiol Dis, 2013
Metaanalysis confirms that VNS + rehab promotes PTSD recovery over rehab alone.
- Noble, Brain Stim, 2018
- de Souza, Stress, 2018
- Noble, Transl Psych, 2017
- de Souza, unpublished, long
- Peña, Front Neurobehav, 2014
- Souza, Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry, 2020
- de Souza, unpublished, timing
- Peña, Biol Psych, 2012